AQUASEA
Πρόγραμμα Παλιρροιακής Ροής σε Παράκτιες Περιοχές και Εκβολές Ποταμών - Κυκλοφορίας σε Λίμνες - Μοντελοποίησης Μεταφοράς Μάζης, Θερμότητας και Αιωρουμένων Στερεών
AQUASEA is a program to solve tidal flow problems in estuaries and coastal areas, lake circulation, and problems involving transport of mass, heat and suspended solids. The package includes various graphical preprocessors to make preparation of data as easy as possible, along with graphical postprocessors. A wide variety of pointing devices (mouse, digitizers, etc.) and hardcopy devices (printers, plotters) are supported through the use of the HALO Professional Graphics Library.
FEATURES
- Fully menu-driven, user-friendly, and preparation of data entry by digitizer, mouse or keyboard entry.
- Preparation of input data by digitizer, mouse or keyboard entry.
The most convenient way to get real data into the program is by using a digitizer. By defining three nodes, the model will know the coordinate system on the map in use. The user needs only to digitize enough number of nodes, and eventually landmarks, to define the main outlines and structures of the model to be built. One would use the digitizer to input wells, lakes, rivers, etc. and then later on, use the mouse to quickly establish the boundary conditions and insert more nodes to make the triangular finite-element mesh a suitable size and shape. If a user needs to digitize more nodes at a later stage in his modeling work, it can be easily done and added to the existing mesh. If a node needs to be inserted with exact coordinates (1/10 of a centimeter), it can be accomplished by keyboard entry. This process to start from scratch and build a mesh so than one can run the program and solve the flow and/or transport equation usually takes less than a day.
Eight digitizer drivers are supplied with the program, most of which are from Summa Graphics. However, other digitizers (i.e., Calcomp, etc.) can be used if they emulate Summa Graphics digitizers, which most digitizers do.
- Automatic mesh generation and mesh coordination.
The generation of the finite-element mesh is fully automatic once the nodes are inserted and the boundaries defined. There are three possibilities for mesh refinement within the program. The first option is to insert nodes by clicking with the mouse. With this option, the user may insert nodes in areas where he wants to make the mesh finer. This can be time consuming if many nodes need to be input but it is much faster than using the keyboard. The second option is defining an area of any shape and size quickly on the screen by using the mouse. The program will then automatically refine the mesh within this predefined area. The third option is to automatically condense the whole mesh which will make the mesh more dense in the whole model domain.
Refining the mesh locally or globally will result in more than four times the number of nodes and elements than were within the area before.
AQUASEA also has the option of creating a submesh from the main model domain which can be very helpful in some transport calculations. A submesh is created by defining an area of any shape with the mouse. All necessary information such as sources, boundary conditions, etc., are then transferred to the directory where the submesh is located.
There is also an option for automatically generating the whole mesh by creating both rectangular and radial meshes easily and quickly if the area can be defined as rectangular or radial. This option is also useful if the user wants to verify the program against known theoretical solutions which are often based on rectangular and radial geometries.
- Graphical output of results (contours, flow arrows and time series) on screen, printer and plotter.
There are four possibilities of calculated results from the flow part of the program. First, there are contours of calculated ground-water heads at predefined time intervals. Second, there is a time series output of calculated ground-water levels at preselected nodes at every timestep of the calculation. Third, there is an output of a time series of calculated flow across a predefined internal or external boundary. These boundaries do not have to match the physical boundaries of the model domain. Last is the calculation of the flow model area at certain time intervals.
There are similar output possibilities for calculated concentration or heat from the transport part of the program package as well as the flow part, both as an aerial output and time series output. Mass (heat) flux over predefined boundaries can also be output.
A hardcopy of all the above can be generated by a screen dump to most any printer. A slide show can be made through the use of image files. With the help of a small utility program supplied with the AQUASEA software, the slide show can be viewed independently of the main program package. Hence, once created, the software is not needed to view the slide show which allows the user freedom to view it on any computer.
All calculated results can be stored as HPGL (Hewlett Packard Graphics Language) files which allow the importing of results from AQUASEA into almost any word processing program (i.e., WORD, WordPerfect, etc.). For those users who do not have printers that accept HPGL files, a software package, PRINTAPLOT, is included which allows printing of HPGL files on almost any printer. PRINTAPLOT runs within AQUASEA as well as independently. There is also an option to print all calculated results as numerical values. Also supplied with the program are utilities to change AQUASEA output format to SURFER/GRAPHER input format.
The hardcopy feature also applies to all input parameters of the program. This means that all geological parameters, mesh configurations, sources and sink rates, infiltrations, variations, etc., can be output in the same way as an image file, HPGL file or dumped to a printer.
A wide variety of pointing devices (mouses, digitizers, etc.) and hardcopy devices (printers, plotters) are supported through the use of the HALO Professional Graphics Library.
Most digitizers are supported in AQUASEA. Approximately 50 printers are supported through printer drivers that are supplied with the program package including drivers for HP plotters which can be used for other plotters that emulate the HP.
- Ability to draw landmarks along with results, create subareas and restart calculations.
The package can be used without any further knowledge of input and output file formats. File formats, however, are fully documented.
All input files to the AQUASEA package are ASCII files which allow the user to view them with most any text editor. The output files are either ASCII or binary. Utility programs that convert binary files to ASCII files are supplied with the software.
AQUASEA solves transient ground-water flow with inhomogeneous and anisotropic flow conditions. The model can have a large number of pumping and injection wells and areal variation of all parameters. Time variation of pumping/injection and infiltration rate is allowed. Boundary conditions may by prescribed nodal head and prescribed flow as a function of time or head-dependent flow.
AQUASEA solves the transient transport of contaminants and heat with convection, decay, adsorption and velocity dependent dispersion. Boundary conditions may be either prescribed nodal concentration (temperature) or prescribed dispersive mass (heat) flux.
AQUASEA has the ability to calculate both pathlines and timelines to give the user a quick estimate of, for example, transport of contaminants without solving the transport equation.
EXAMPLES AND APPLICATIONS
- Lake circulation
- Tidal flow in estuaries and coastal areas
- Sediment transport
- Heat transport from nuclear power plants
- Flow in tidal inlets (navigation problems)
- Location of wastewater outlets (bacterial decay)
- Flow through narrow openings (bridges)
PROBLEM TYPES
Tidal Flow in Estuaries and Coastal Areas, Wind-Driven Circulation in Lakes and Harbor Oscillations. The main input into this model consists of the bed bathymetry which can be digitized directly from admiralty charts. Rivers and outlets may be included as point sources. Wind stress may vary in space and time.
Transport of Mass, Heat and Suspended Sediment. The transported matter can be biological, radioactive, thermal, saline, or suspended sediment. Subsequent behavior might include decay of biological or radioactive matter, the cooling of the thermal flow or the settling of the suspended material.
The program has a restart capability which means that the solution of the flow or transport equation can be stopped at any stage and the calculated results observed. The program can then be restarted.
The model is based on the solution of the two-dimensional shallow water equations including bed resistance, wind stress, Coriolis force, and nonlinear convective terms. The transport model includes sources, decay, and convective and dispersive transport.
Requirements
486/Pentium with 4 MB RAM, math coprocessor, hard disk, and VGA graphics card and display. Optional hardware supported includes mouse, digitizer, dot matrix and laser printers, and Hewlett Packard or compatible plotters for hardcopy output. A Workstation version is available for UNIX Workstations. AQUASEA includes the executable version, full color graphics, extensive user's manual, and technical support. If you need a version which will do more than 10,000 nodes, please contact us. AQUASEA can run within a DOS environment of Windows.
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Τελευταία Ενημέρωση 27 Ιουλίου 2004 - Last Revised on July 27th 2004
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