IHACRES
Rainfall Runoff Model-Hydrographs & Component Flows from Rainfall, Evaporation and Streamflow Data
IHACRES employs a transfer function/unit hydrograph (UH) approach to catchment-scale (lumped) rainfall-runoff modeling developed jointly by the ANU and the Institute of Hydrology.
IHACRES which will assist hydrologists and water resource engineers include investigations in small catchments instrumented for special studies, regional studies using readily-available data for large catchments, and quality assurance of strategically-important streamflow and rainfall records. IHACRES is used in higher education as an aid to teaching unit hydrograph theory and application.
Key Features
- Catchment-scale rainfall-runoff model.
- Suitable for small and large catchments.
- Accepts a wide range of data time steps.
- Requires only rainfall, streamflow and temperature or pan evaporation data.
- Applicable in a wide range of hydroclimatic zones.
- Provides a Unit Hydrograph (UH) for total streamflow.
- Flexible configuration of UH model structure.
- Hydrograph separation (dominant quick and slow flow components).
- Slow flow index.
IHACRES allows the simulation of streamflow either continuously or for individual events using discrete time interval data. Using time series data of rainfall, streamflow and temperature only - no catchment descriptive data, e.g., topography, vegetation, soils, are required - IHACRES can identify unit hydrographs (UH) for total streamflow, rather than for just a direct runoff component of streamflow. The UH for total flow can often be resolved into 'quick' and 'slow' UHs, corresponding to flow components which act in parallel. These quick and slow UHs allow the modeled hydrograph to be separated into its dominant quick and slow flow components, a feature of IHACRES which has potential application across a wide range of water quantity and quality investigations. When the hydrograph can be separated in this way, a Slow Flow Index (SFI) is a by-product of the analysis.
Data time intervals can range from less than hourly, for modeling small catchments with flashy responses, to daily or even monthly, for larger catchments with more subdued responses. The IHACRES methodology has been successfully applied to humid region catchments (perennial streamflow) with basin areas ranging from less than 1 km2 to almost 10,000 km2. Other applications are:
- Hydrological impacts of land-use change, climate variability and possible climate changes.
- Characterization of flow regimes, e.g., a Slow Flow Index (SFI) for low flows.
- Unit Hydrographs, e.g., for studies of floods and engineering hydrology design applications.
- Hydrograph separation into dominant quick and slow components of streamflow to assist with a wide range of water quantity and quality investigations.
IHACRES comprises two modules in series. The first module operates nonlinearly to calculate effective rainfall from rainfall and temperature data. The second module (the UH part) operates linearly to convert the effective rainfall to streamflow. With three parameters in the first module, and typically three in the second, the IHACRES model is parametrically parsimonious. When good model-fits are obtained, the parameters characterize the hydrological response of the catchment.
The Windows environment version of IHACRES for PCs is easy to use with click-on screen menus. It provides high-quality graphics suitable for inclusion in reports. A main analysis report file provides a record of the analyses undertaken and their results, e.g., dynamic response characteristics (DRCs) calculated from the nonlinear effective rainfall module and from UH parameters. A comprehensive User Guide gives step-by-step operating instructions with worked examples and References to the appropriate scientific literature which describes the background to IHACRES in detail.
Requirements
486/Pentium with 8 MB RAM running Microsoft Windows.
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Τελευταία Ενημέρωση 27 Ιουλίου 2004 - Last Revised on July 27th 2004
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